The Hopewell Rocks are rock formations known as sea stacks caused by tidal erosion. The formations consist of red-brown sedimentary conglomerate, sandstone, and minor mudstone rock from the Carboniferous Hopewell Cape Formation.
The large volume of water flowing in to and out of the Bay of Fundy modifies the landscape surrounding it with advancing and retreating tides and the associated waves eroding the base of the rocks at a faster rate than the tops, resulting in their unusual shapes.
They stand 40 to 70 ft tall and are located on the shores of the upper reaches of the Bay of Fundy at Hopewell Cape.
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